対外資産負債残高（たいがいしさんふさいざんだか）とは、一定時点における国家場合によっては、国家に準ずる地域の民間企業や個人(1年以上の「居住者」)、公的機関(政府等)の3者が海外に持つ資産の合算から負債の合算を引いた純資産残高。対外純資産とも言う。
対外的な債権と債務の残高（ストック）を表す統計であり、国際収支統計が、企業会計における損益計算書に該当するものであるのに対し、対外資産負債統計は貸借対照表に該当するものである。対外純資産がプラスであることは、一般にその国の通貨やソブリン債の信用度を高める要素である。一方で、対外純資産国でも自国内に期待収益率の高い投資機会が乏しい際などに、純資産の構成における直接投資の割合が高まる場合がある。このようなケースにおいては、企業等が保有する海外事業（直接投資）は証券投資に比べて流動性に乏しいため、短期的・機動的な売却が難しいがゆえに、国内投資家のリパトリエーションの余地が限られ、結果としてその国の通貨等の価値を下支えする効果は対外純資産の規模の割には大きくならないのではないかという指摘がある。
対外資産負債残高による国・地域一覧 国・地域 年 GDP 年 対外資産負債残高 年 対外資産負債残高の対GDP比 2009 - 2009 - 2009 Bank of Japan Japan’s International Investment Position at Year-End 2009 page. 10, Table 5 2010 303.652 bil. S$IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Singapore, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +680.877 bil. S$Singapore Official Statistics IMF Special Data Dissemination Standard - Economic and Financial Data for Singapore 2010 2008 39.640 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Luxembourg, GDP 2008 at current prices, in national currency 2008 +33.524 bil. €Central Bank of Luxembourg International Investment Position of Luxembourg: Summary 2013 2010 430.580 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Taiwan Province of China, GDP 2010 at current prices, in US$ 2010 +659.915 bil. $Central Bank of the Republic of China International Investment Position (End-Period-Stocks) page. 1 2010 2010 546.245 bil. CHFIMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Switzerland, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +743.704 bil. CHFSwiss National Bank Switzerland’s international investment position – overview 2010 2010 2496.178 bil. krStatistics Norway International Investment Position, 2010 2010 +2,390.972 bil. kr 2010 2009 470,936.600 bil. ¥IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Japan, GDP 2009 at current prices, in national currency 2009 +266,223.000 bil. ¥ 2009 2009 5.851 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Malta, GDP 2009 at current prices, in national currency 2009 +0.793 bil. €National Statistics Office, Malta International Investment Position of Malta: June 2010 p. 2, Table 1 (December 2009) 2012 2010 350.952 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Belgium, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +243.000 bil. €National Bank of Belgium Belgium: Economic and financial data – External Sector Assets:1.861 billion EUR; Liabilities:1.618 billion EUR; Net:243 billion EUR 2013 2012 338 bil $CIA Country profile 2012 159.63 bil. $Banco de Venezuela Posicion de inversion internacional 2012 2009 2397.100 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Germany, GDP 2009 at current prices, in national currency 2009 +895.000 bil. €Bundesbank Press Release – Germany’s international investment position at the end of 2009 page.1 2013 2009 1659.700 bil. krMinistry of Finance, Denmark Economic Survey May 2010 – English Summary page. 11, Table 1.4 2009 +99.800 bil. krMinistry of Finance, Denmark Economic Survey May 2010 – English Summary page. 14, Table 1.5 2013 2009 - 2009 - 2009 2010 590.321 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Netherlands, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +173.147 bil. €De Nederlandsche Bank T12.10 – Dutch external assets (International Investment Position (Yearly/Quarterly) 2013 2008 - 2012 +137.956 bil. $Международная инвестиционная позиция Российской Федерации в 2001-2012 гг.: 2009 2010 180.295 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Finland, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +15.721 bil. €Bank of Finland International investment position by investment type, EUR million Assets: 543.219 bil. €; Liabilities: 527.498 bil. €; Net: +15.721 bil. € 2013 2014 1,449.494 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, October 2014 Korea, GDP 2014 at current prices, in US$ 2014 +81.9 bil. $Bank of Korea(BOK)International Investment Position (IIP) at the end of 2014 (preliminary) 2014 2010 213.147 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Israel, GDP 2010 at current prices, in US$ 2010 +0.922 bil. $Bank of Israel International Investment Position (IIP) – January-December 2010 2010 2010 284.002 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Austria, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 +3.000 bil. €Oesterreichische Nationalbank International Investment Position – Summary – Total 2013 2010 203.323 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Chile, GDP 2010 at current prices, in US$ 2010 -10.025 bil. $Banco Central de Chile Statistics Database External Sector -> IIP by institutional sector 2010 2013 1893bil C$"Gross Domestic Product, Expenditure-Based" 2014 26.7bil C$"The world's newest creditor nation: Canada " 2009 ユーロ圏 2014 10,378 bil. €European Central Bank International investment position of the euro area 2014 -0.934 bil. € 2014 2009 161.196 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Philippines, GDP 2009 at current prices, in US$ 2009 -16 bil. $Banco Central do Brasil Philippines: International Investment Position 2009 2010 1537 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 India, GDP 2010 at current prices, in US$ 2010 -215 bil. $Reserve Bank of India International Investment Position: External Assets and Liabilities at the End of March (In India the fiscal year ends in March) 2010 2009 1907.246 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 France, GDP 2009 at current prices, in national currency 2009 -317.3 bil. €Banque de France 2009 Annual Report – The French balance of payments and international investment position page. 48, Table T3-1 2012 2010 3285.539 bil. krIMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Sweden, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -729.000 bil. krStatistics Sweden International Investment Position (IIP) Table 1 2013 2009 1394.989 bil. £IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 UK, GDP 2009 at current prices, in national currency 2009 -182 bil. £Office for National Statistics UK The UK’s international investment position page. 26, Table 1 2013 2013 17,089.600 bil. $Department of Commerce – Bureau of Economic Analysis US, GDP at current prices, in US$ 2013 -4,577.5 bil. $Department of Commerce – Bureau of Economic Analysis U.S. Net International Investment Position at Yearend 2013 2013 2010 1548.816 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Italy, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -376.700 bil. €Banca di Italia Balance of Payments and International Investment Position page. 9 2013 2011 878.198 bil. $IMF Indonesia, GDP 2011 at current prices, in US$ 2011 -318.995 bil. $Bank Indonesia 2011 2010 1039.121 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Mexico, GDP 2010 at current prices, in US$ 2010 -379.249 bil. $National Banco de México International Investment Position Final Position 2010 2009 1600.841 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Brazil, GDP 2009 at current prices, in US$ 2009 -600.795 bil. $Banco Central do Brasil Historical Series of the International Investment Position 2009 2009 113.620 bil. $IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Kazakhstan, GDP 2009 at current prices, in US$ 2009 -43.314 bil. $The National Bank of Kazakhstan INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT POSITION OF KAZAKHSTAN (31.12.09) 2009 2010 36.061 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Slovenia, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -12.655 bil. €Banka Slovenije International investment position of Slovenia - Summary (31 December 2010) 2013 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2013 616.345 bil. $EUROSTAT Turkey, GDP 2013 at current prices, in US$ 2009 -275.687 bil. $Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey International Investment Position: External Assets and Liabilities at the End of Period 2009 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2010 14.500 bil. €Bank of Estonia 3. Annual indicators of Estonian economy GDP 2010, current prices (EUR m) 2010 -10.416 bil. €Bank of Estonia International investment position (EUR m), short version (12/31/2010) 2013 2012 - 2012 -1,042 bil. kr 2012 Central Bank of Iceland Iceland’s underlying external position and balance of payments, March 2013. 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2010 65.906 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Slovakia, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -43.763 bil. €National Bank of Slovakia International Investment Position for Slovakia for 2010 (Net 2010 Q4) 2013 2011 1318.554 bil A$Australian Bureau of Statistics 1345.0 - Key Economic Indicators, 2011 2011 -848.3 bil. $AAustralian Bureau of Statistics 5302.0 - Balance of Payments and International Investment Position, Australia, Sep 2011 2011 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2010 1412.784 bil. zlIMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Poland, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -890.652 bil. zlNational Bank of Poland Poland: International Investment Position 2013 2013 212 bil. NZ$IMF New Zealand, GDP 2013 at current prices, in national currency 2013 -146.7 bil. NZ$Statistics New Zealand Balance Of Payments and International Investment Position: March 2013 quarter – Hot Off the Press p.10, Net IIP at 31 March 2013 2013 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2013 - 2013 - 2013 2010 1062.591 bil. €IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 Spain, GDP 2010 at current prices, in national currency 2010 -925.600 bil. €Banco de España Chapter 3 – The Financial Account and International Investment Position in 2010 page. 45, Table 3.2 2013 2009 160.596 bil. €Central Statistics of Ireland Quarterly National Accounts – Quarter 1 2011 page.2, Table 1 2009 -157.075 bil. €Central Statistics of Ireland International Investment Position – 31 December 2009 page. 3, Table 1 2013 2009 168.586 bil. €Banco de Portugal Quarterly National Accounts Table H.0.1 2009 -184.017 bil. €Central Statistics of Portugal Economic and Financial Data for Portugal August 2011 2013 2012 193.749 bil. € 2012 -210.262 bil. € 2013 2012 17,979.3 bil. € 2012 -15.683 bil. € 2013
OECD加盟各国の対外資産負債残高 (2013年) 国 2013年の対外資産負債残高 (百万米ドル) －743,491.296 －801.215 225,394.507 21,369.646 －39,232.601 －83,668.991 134,386.857 －12,172.412 40,386.115 －433,000.527 1,660,000.721 －303,565.639 －116,826.028 －65,738.588 －238,602.533 62,603.906 －643,874.027 3,086,000.434 －37,239.813 134,864.862 －499,229.861 377,108.478 －119,321.523 644,904.335 －375,092.140 －272,246.862 －65,279.296 －19,038.284 －1,389,621.918 －107,907.116 839,137.307 －394,232.765 －68,000.013 －5,382,000.997
脚注
関連項目 Net foreign assets 国別外債残高の一覧 国別公債残高の一覧 List of countries by net international investment position per capita
外部リンク 財務省（本邦対外資産負債残高） 日本銀行（2009年末の本邦対外資産負債残高）