数値解析において超収束 (ちょうしゅうそく、Superconvergence) とは、常微分方程式の数値解法・偏微分方程式の数値解法において通常より収束が早くなる現象をさす。このような現象は有限要素法Kříek, M. (1994). Superconvergence phenomena in the finite element method. Computer methods in applied mechanics and engineering, 116(1-4), 157-163.・選点法やShortley-Weller近似 (差分法の一つ)Matsunaga, N., & Yamamoto, T. (2000). Superconvergence of the Shortley–Weller approximation for Dirichlet problems. :en:Journal of computational and applied mathematics, 116(2), 263-273.Li, Z. C., Fang, Q., & Wang, S. (2009). Superconvergence of solution derivatives for the Shortley–Weller difference approximation for parabolic problems. Numerical Functional Analysis and Optimization, 30(11-12), 1360-1380.Yoon, G., & Min, C. (2014). Supra-convergences of Shortley–Weller method for Poisson equation. Appl. Numer. Math.Weynans, L. (2015). A proof in the finite-difference spirit of the superconvergence of the gradient for the Shortley-Weller method (Doctoral dissertation, INRIA Bordeaux; INRIA).などで見られる。

HDG法の超収束について hybrid 不連続 Galerkin(HDG)法Oikawa, I., & Kikuchi, F. (2010). Discontinuous Galerkin FEM of hybrid type. JSIAM Letters, 2, 49-52.(不連続 Galerkin法Reed, W. H., & Hill, T. R. (1973). Triangular mesh methods for the neutron transport equation (No. LA-UR-73-479; CONF-730414-2). Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N. Mex.(USA).の改良)の超収束性に関して研究が進展し、様々な結果が得られている。それらは大きく分けて、数値流束の安定化項に射影を施すLehrenfeld-Schöberl安定化C. Lehrenfeld. Hybrid discontinuous Galerkin methods for solving incompressible flow problems. RheinischWestfalischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2010.と、 HDG射影を用いるM-decomposition理論Cockburn, B., Fu, G., & Sayas, F. (2017). Superconvergence by 𝑀-decompositions. Part I: General theory for HDG methods for diffusion. Mathematics of Computation, 86(306), 1609-1641.Cockburn, B., & Fu, G. (2017). Superconvergence by M-decompositions. Part II: Construction of two-dimensional finite elements. ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis, 51(1), 165-186.との2つに分類される。

他の分野における超収束 ゲージ理論における超収束 近似理論における超収束 () Gal, S. G. (2013). Overconvergence in Complex Approximation. New York: Springer.Gal, S. G. (2009). Approximation by complex Bernstein and convolution type operators. Singapore: :en:World scientific.Chui, C. K., & Parnes, M. N. (1971). Approximation by overconvergence of a power series. :en:Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 36(3), 693-696.Walsh, J. L., Interpolation and approximation by rational functions in the complex domain. American Mathematical Society.

関連項目 数列の加速法 (超収束の数列版)

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